Sigmund Freud, Alfred Adler, C.J. Jung and William James...

Sigmund Freud, Alfred Adler, C.J. Jung and William James were all brilliant and diverse theorists who made vast contributions to the science of psychological studies. These brilliant minds fueled the psychological studies of future theorists with their contrasting theoretical approaches and discoveries. At times, they collaborated to formulate concepts and understandings but separated because of conceptual disputes. Freud’s psychoanalysis theory was at the epicenter of some studies but these men in their individuality contributed their own theoretical concepts and developed their own schools of thought from Jung’s analytical psychology, Adler’s independent school of psychotherapy, James’s theory of emotion and Freud’s psychoanalytical†¦show more content†¦These include his structural analysis of personality into Id, Ego, and Superego, and his description between anxiety, and ego defense mechanism† (pg 422). Freud’s structure of personality theory divides the mind into three parts, the Id, which centers on desires, pleasures, primal impulses, or urges. The Ego, which is concerned with the conscious, the moral, rational, and is self-aware. The Super-ego, the censor of the Id, which enforces the moral code of the Ego. He believed the Ego and Super-ego are both partly conscious and unconscious. His â€Å"structural theory† of the Id, Ego and Super-ego was detailed in the book, The Ego and the Id when Freud revised his earlier theory of mental functioning and believes repression is one of many defense mechanisms and it occurs to reduce anxiety. Freud reasons the conflict between the drive and superego as the cause of anxiety which is the root cause that inhibits mental functions, such as an individual’s intellect. Identification, rationalization and projection are three other defense mechanisms people use to protect their mind from anxiety. Freud’s theory of psychosexual development states people seek pleasure from erogenous zones and everything a person becomes as an adult is determined by their childhood experiences. An individual develops his or her psychosexual personality based on how he or she handles anti-social impulses in socially