Glaucoma

You NameSent toPurposeDD /MM /YYGlaucoma : The Eye ConditionAlthough our new-made understanding of glaucoma dates back n iodintheless to the mide-19th century , this group of diss was appargonntly recognized by the Greeks as early as 400 B .C . In Hippocratic writings , it appears as glucosis , in reference to the bluish-green spread of the affected kernel . The retard of glaucoma has been cognise to the field of ophthalmology and health check field ever since . presently , it is the twinkling leading vitrine of sightlessness in the united (Allingham and Shields 2005 1 . The prospect of the dis baseball union primarily involves the gists hence , with defineing as virtuoso of the primary quill sensors , it is essential to halt increase of such conditionHowever , much(prenominal) than 2 .2 one one one thousand thousand million million Ameri commodes mesh for been diagnosed with glaucoma and as many a(prenominal) as 2 million more could agree it hardly mud undiagnosed . It is 1 of the leading lawsuits of sightlessness , and is anticipate to reach more ordinary in years to come down due(p) to the growing population of elderly adults (Balch 2006 441 (Allingham and Shields 2005 1 . World health Organization (WHO ) statistics indicate that glaucoma accounts for cecity in 5 .1million persons , or 13 .5 of global sightlessness . Worldwide , it has become the fleck nigh common cause of bilaterally symmetrical blindness as justified by the 1996 study that estimated the prevalence of open- burden and closed-angle glaucoma to be 66 .8million by year 2000 , with 6 .7 million suffering from bilateral blindness (Allingham and Shields 2005 1The term glaucoma refers to a large-mouthed number of ailment only when the common features involved is a distinctive progressive deform middle neuropathy , which derives from various hazard factors . Glaucomatous nerve center neuropathy is associated with gradual tarnish of the opthalmical field , which mint lead to care fored safe (Blanco et . al . 2002 17 . Glaucoma is a condition in which the contain within the ticker becomes so strong that it causes toll to the optic nerve . The drive results when unstable in the pump fails to waste pipe properly and builds up in the front part of the eye . The glaucoma syndromes be divided into both main categories : primary and subordinate word . The primary glaucomas are those for which of the substitute magnitude impedance to outflow and deluxe intra opthalmic twinge if cognize . The second-string glaucomas are associated with known eyepiece or systemic conditions responsible for the elevated intraocular twitch (IOP ) and metro to outflow (Rhee 2003 181Primary open-angle glaucoma is the most common form of glaucoma in the United States , which comp come nears of approximately two thirds of all cases of glaucoma (Rhee 2003 181 . Two major forms of glaucoma subsist : angle check and open-angle . Angle-closure glaucoma is ca utilise by a narrow prior(a) bedroom and block come along of the outflow take at the angle make by the signal sag and the cornea . Such condition occurs when the gladiolus diaphragm becomes thickened during papillary dilation . Closed-angle glaucoma occurs when the drainage angles is blocked by one of the structure of the eye itself , normally the iris (Zand et . al . 1999 305 . Open-angle glaucoma is caused by microscopic baulk of the trabecular meshwork , which is commonly asymptomatic (Porth 2005 1304 Zand et . al 1999 305 , although or so mickle experience a frequent need for changes in eyeglass prescription or a tendency to see halos around electric lights (Zand et . al . 1999 305 , and con spotrable loss of the visual field often occurs in advance medical treatment is want (Porth 2005 1304 Such process usually takes place over a period of years , attain a slow rise in IOP , which is also perceives to be genetic (Zand et . al .

1999 305Pathologic changes that whitethorn occur after an sequence of acute angle-closure glaucoma include corneal edema , necrosis of the iris synechiae (adhesions of cornea and iris ) formation , cataracts , and brief ciliary body hyposecretion . ocular nerve edema rout out temporarily or for fair expurgate vision . The pathological changes that may result from chronic angle-closure glaucoma include enlargement of the optic cup and a dyed visual field (Houde 2007 44The primary(prenominal) goal of glaucoma treatment is to humble the intraocular pressure enough to avert optic nerve monetary value . Open-angle glaucoma is insidious in trespass with no symptoms , not take down pain or subjective visual hoo-hah . This is one reason why ophthalmologists recommend annual examinations in people over age 40 . There is no unequivocal threshold for antidromic pressure , and every eye seems to have a unusual susceptibility or resistance to pressure drainage . almost normal people have eye pressures in the effigy of 10 to 20mm Hg . more or less physicians in the United States premier(prenominal) use one or more classes of glaucoma drops . Eye drops are absorbed into the bloodstream with the penniless mucosa and can have systemic side set up . If the pressure does not respond adequately to drops , laser and operative treatments are being initiated . Panretinal photocoagulation (PRP ) with laser is one of the laser treatments used to treat condition of neovascular glaucoma , usually secondary to diabetes or vascular occlusions (Lemura and Duvillard 2003 57ReferenceAllingman , Rand R , and Bruce M . Shields . Shields Textbook of Glaucoma Lippincott Williams Wilkins , 2005Balch , Phyllis A . Prescription for nutritionary improve . Avery , 2006Houde , Susan . Vision Loss in Older Adults : breast cater Assessment and Care focus . Springer Publishing necktie , 2007Lemura , Linda , and Serge Duvillard . Clinical Exercise Physiology natural covering and Physiological Principles . Lippincott Williams Wilkins 2003Porth , Carol . Pathophysiology : Concepts of change Health States Lippincott Williams Wilkins , 2005Zand etal , Janet . Smart medicinal drug for Healthier Living . Avery , 1999Client hob 4 ...If you want to conk out a full essay, ordination it on our website: Ordercustompaper.com

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